How to Deal with Coronavirus Anxiety

The Coronavirus pandemic is an event so extraordinary that every country in the world is battling it. It’s a global impact so unprecedented that nothing can compare to it since WWII and medically, since the Spanish Flu of 1918.

This alone is enough to give anyone anxiety as people are dying at an accelerated rate and no one knows when it will end. In these testing times, anxiety and depression are at an all-time high.

With more than 2,000,000 dead and infections exceeding 117,000,000, everyone is trying to find a way to hold on to their sanity. While the future seems uncertain and nobody knows if they will contract the virus, the only thing a person can do is play their part in stopping the spread and keeping their stress level in check.

It may seem easier said than done because COVID-19 is not like anything the world has seen before. This virus is unrelenting and infecting hundreds of people in a fraction of time. Things seem out of control and like the uncertainty when the stock market crashes, it creates anxiety.

In view of this, people must try to control their fear levels so that they are better equipped to deal with this aggressive disease. Staying mentally and emotionally stable and strong in the face of adversity softens the blow, at least to some extent.

How to Cope

Start with our article on suggestions for dealing with anxiety as well as part II Tackling Stress and Depression which are very informative. Then take a look at our specific recommendations for dealing with stress levels associated with COVID-19 below.

Limit Media Exposure

Yes, it’s real, the world is going through a global crisis that’s causing mass casualties. But continuously reading or listening about the destruction caused by this disease is not going to help anyone. You should try to limit your media exposure to save your mental health. It’s wise to stay informed, but getting obsessed with the news and consuming every piece of information can snowball your stress.

Checking your phone for updates every other minute or turning on the TV to watch the news every hour will not let you sit in peace. Your mind will remain occupied with nothing consuming you but COVID-19. You need to distract yourself by trying to get involved in some other show or activity other than the news.

Look at Reliable Sources

Limiting media exposure doesn’t mean you don’t follow the news. Everybody needs to stay informed, therefore when you do look up the daily status on the corona pandemic, trust only reliable sources. Don’t believe everything you read on the internet. Get your updates from credible sources such as the CDC (Centre for Disease Control), WHO (World Health Organization) or other dependable sources.

Don’t trust the unsubstantiated videos that are doing the rounds on social media. Don’t forward any questionable data to your followers without verifying the credibility of the source.

The constant barrage of clips, news packages, audios and articles is not letting people relax for a second. Don’t aid this flow of unreliable information and ask your friends to do the same. However, if you want to inform your loved ones about a particular update, then cite only reliable sources.

Do Your Job

The coronavirus is not yielding and our current defenses against the virus are not strong enough. The best that we can do at the moment is to play our part in stopping the spread. If you want to channel your energies productively, wash your hands frequently, maintain excellent hygiene and practice social distancing.

Women running track 6 feet distance — Staying 6′ or more from one another is highly recommended

Follow the proper protocol laid out by health organizations. Stay indoors as much as possible, and wash your hands regularly. Disinfect your doorknobs and keys. If you are staying at home due to a lockdown in your city, make sure you stay home as much as possible as well.

Follow the 6′ distance rule or better, try to stay away from people altogether. As previously mentioned, it is the droplets that we need to be vigilant about more than where the virus might reside on a tangible object.

Illustration of people wearing masks for the United Nations

Wear a mask if you have to go out for an urgent matter, such as getting groceries. Avoid physical contact with anyone because the coronavirus is asymptomatic (experience no symptoms). You might think that you are safe because you don’t have symptoms, but you cannot be sure. To be on the safer side, avoid shaking hands and hugging and kissing other people under all circumstances.

Most importantly – STAY HOME as much as possible!

Following these procedures will not only help keep you from acquiring the virus but will also give you peace of mind and subsequently more confidence that you will be alright.

Try to Have a Routine

With many cities under lockdown, people are forced to stay home. Staying home can disrupt your normal routine and a person can become aimless. In the time of a pandemic, when there is panic everywhere, it’s crucial to have a routine to avoid getting caught up in the fear.

If you are not working currently, don’t take it as an excuse to roam around the house aimlessly or binge-watch the news. Get up early, exercise and get involved in household activities. Help your family members cook and clean. Read a book or watch a show that you enjoy. Don’t let lockdown turn you into a living room wanderer or a couch potato. Check out the section “Think Out of The Box!” in our article on Stress, Part I for more interesting ideas on how to keep yourself busy, as well as feeling rewarded that you are accomplishing things.

Practice Relaxation and DeStressing

Woman doing yoga Meditate or download apps on your phone to help you relax. Take deep breaths as much as possible and think that everyone is in this crisis together, so you need to stay strong. Destressing is critical if you want to control your anxiety levels.

While the experts are trying to come up with ways to deal with this pandemic, we need to take care of ourselves, physically and mentally. Be mindful and follow protocol to deal with the psychological effects of COVID-19. You will feel better in the long run.

Can Green Tea Help Weight Loss?

The quest to lose weight is an exhausting task that can go on for days on end. Obese people try everything in their power to burn layers of fat on as quickly as possible, but alas! It’s a time-consuming process. As easy as it is to gain weight, shedding it can be quite a piece of work. And during the trying times when a person is working hard towards their body goals, they always try to find potions to weasel their way into the land of slenderness. And much to the chagrin of trainers and dieticians, the internet serves multiple untested shortcuts to weight loss. Out of all those unreliable schemes, the one that stands out the most is green tea. With that said, green tea might not be as unreliable as the other dubious shortcuts that obese people are bombarded with.

Green tea is famous for helping with cardiac conditions and also known for weight loss, and even experts are in favor of using the green elixir to accelerate weight loss. But what is the science behind the apparent benefits of green tea? Is it helpful, or is it just a hoax that tea manufacturers use to sell their products? Let’s find out.

Caffeine in Green Tea

Even though the caffeine content in green isn’t as high as coffee, that is enough to stimulate fat-burning in the body.

Caffeine is a well-known stimulant that has proven to aid weight loss in the body. It is due to the fat-burning properties of caffeine that experts advise obese people to consume black coffee when trying to lose weight.

Green tea contains active compounds such as EGCG, those along with caffeine are supposed to help people in their quest to get in shape and lose unhealthy pounds in their body combined with other weight loss techniques.

EGCG in Green Tea

Green tea is high in EGCG (epigallocatechin gallate), which is believed to promote and aid fat breakdown. Accumulated fat needs to break down into fat cells that are later used as energy packets to carry out essential bodily functions.

Fat breakdown in the body is brought about when fat-burning hormones such as norepinephrine (noradrenaline) disintegrate long fatty chains and reduce them into cells that are released into the blood. EGCG in green tea boosts the effects of fat-burning hormones that accelerate the entire process of fat breakdown.

EGCG released from consuming green tea inhibits enzymes that promote the activity carried by these hormones. Ultimately, the broken down fat is released into the bloodstream as used by different organs and cells in the body.

Green Tea Helps Fat Burning During Workouts

If you have ever tried a fat-burning supplement, then you must have seen green tea extracts on its label. That is because green tea is charged with active compounds that help fat burning, especially during exercise.

According to a study, men who consumed the tea extracts combined with regular exercise burned 17% more body fat than men who didn’t drink green tea extracts. A bunch of other studies also indicate that active compounds in green tea stimulate fat burning when taken with exercise.

Green Tea Boosts Metabolism

A person’s body is constantly using up calories even when there is no physically strenuous activity. Our body is conducting multiple processes at all times, which require energy and that can be acquired from calories.

Many studies suggest that chemical compounds in green tea train the body into getting the needed energy for bodily processes from excess calories. EGCG in green tea helps burn calories even when your body is at rest.

Studies show that green tea supplements can increase the burning percentage by 3-4% and, in some cases, by 8%. However, more research is required to make a definitive claim regarding the ability of green tea to burn these calories even when the body is at rest.

Green Tea Curbs Appetite

Green tea helps weight loss by reducing a person’s appetite. That is, after consuming it, people don’t eat as much as they did before. Hence, they consume fewer calories overall, which can help widen the calorie deficit and lead to weight loss.

Weight loss is typically achieved by creating a calorie deficit in the body. A person trying to lose weight brings down their daily intake of calories or burn more calories in order to create a calorie shortfall. By creating a deficit, the body uses up stored fat in the body to meet its energy requirements, which brings down body fat and reduces weight.

When a person drinks green tea, they eat less than they used to before including green tea in their diet. And as a result, they consume fewer calories, which forces the body to use unwanted fat to get energy for various processes.

In a nutshell, green tea increases calorie expenditure in the body.

Green Tea Helps a Person Lose Belly Fat

Most people who are prompted to lose weight are irked by the muffin top protruding below the torso. And sadly, belly fat is the hardest form of fat to burn away with diet and exercise. However, green tea can help a person get rid of that paunch that they dislike so much.

There are two kinds of fat in the body. One is subcutaneous fat, and the other is visceral fat. Subcutaneous fat is the form of fat that is stored underneath the skin, while visceral fat is the fat that’s accumulated around the belly area.

While green tea may or may not be immensely useful in reducing excess pounds from the body, it does seem to be plenty helpful in burning body fat, especially visceral fat. Visceral fat doesn’t only damage the shape of one’s body, but it also increases the risk of diabetes and other such diseases by creating insulin resistance. It also increases the chances of inflammation in the body.

Having green tea regularly can save the body from developing harmful conditions by breaking down belly fat.

The Takeaway

Even though green tea shows immense promise with regard to weight loss in people, it cannot magically make you lean in a fraction of time. You need to take additional measures such as cutting down on carbs and increasing your protein intake to lose weight quicker.

Coronavirus (COVID-19) Update

The coronavirus (AKA COVID-19) is having a marked impact on our daily lives in every part of the world. From businesses to shopping to transportation, we are finding that we have to adjust our lifestyles virtually every day.

We will be doing our best to keep you updated with the latest methods for prevention, areas of infection and worldwide news as it comes available.

As of March 26, 2020, there are 491,623 confirmed cases, 119,978 recovered, 22,184 deaths.

Please stay tuned to the rapid changing of events as we move forward.

Center for Systems Science and Engineering (CSSE) at Johns Hopkins University

Coronavirus has now killed more than 1,000 people in the US

Start with our introduction to the coronavirus and stay tuned as we delve more into this worldwide medical dilemma.

Benefits of Red Ginseng Tea from Korea

“Care for a spot of tea?” – A standard saying among Britians and they have the right idea! Tea is an integral part of many cultures and while in some cultures, tea is only a part of breakfast, in others, it’s a favored beverage taken before and after meals.

But in Korean culture, as well as in some other countries, tea is considered a cornerstone of a healthy lifestyle. Korean teas are starting to attain some level of popularity owing to their connection with the ageless beauty of their celebrities. And that beauty is, more often than not, linked with the consumption of Korean teas. Aside from the apparent benefits, Korean ginseng offers plenty of internal benefits that improve the body’s immunity and functioning.

South Korea has a wide range of teas, but the most famous of them is Ginseng tea. Korean Ginseng belongs to the family of Araliaceae and is an herbal supplement extracted from the roots of the plant. It has several other names such as wild ginseng, Panax ginseng, mountain ginseng, true ginseng, and Asian ginseng.

Korean Ginseng Tea

Korean ginseng tea comes in two forms, red Korean ginseng and the standard Korean variety (which is white). Both varieties of Korean ginseng tea have different compositions and offer different sets of health benefits.

Korean ginseng is credited for providing nourishment to the body and mind of a person. People, especially Koreans, love to consume ginseng tea to improve their overall health as one of the best ways of convalescing naturally.

Background

The name originates from a perennial plant, which lives for more than two years and grows in Eastern Asia. The plant is most commonly grown in those parts of East Asian countries that receive abundant rainfall. In Korea, China, and Russia, ginseng plants grow in shaded mountainsides.

These plants can grow up to two feet tall with dark leaves and red berry chomps. It has a sweet flavor because of the berries that are followed by a bitter aftertaste.

The plant has been an integral part of Traditional Chinese medicine. It is used to help patients recuperate from multiple maladies, even today. However, previously, ginseng was widely used to treat fatigue and weakness.

Panax ginseng, a common name for Korean ginseng, comes from Greek words that loosely translate to all-healing. And ginseng means man-root. Hence, the literal English translation of Panax ginseng is all healing man-root.

Following are the benefits of the all-healing Korean Ginseng Tea

Improves Skin Health

Ginseng tea is exceptional at slowing down the aging process of the skin. It keeps the skin plump and hydrated by increasing hyaluronic acid generation in the skin. It also significantly reduces the appearance of wrinkles and fine lines on the skin.

The best trait is that it protects the skin from harmful UV radiation.

Helps Manage Stress

Girl Being Bullied According to the experts at the University of Maryland Medical Center, ginseng is an adaptogen. Adaptogens are herbal substances that help stabilize the physiological processes that take place inside the body and promote homeostasis.

It helps release stress from the body and increases the overall well-being of a person. It also boosts the production of anti-stress hormones such as corticotropin. The increased supply of such hormones helps the body cope with stress and keep it at minimal levels.

Reduces Inflammation in the Body

Ginseng has beneficial antioxidant properties that make it a great remedy for inflammation. According to some test-tube studies, this manroot has excellent anti-inflammatory properties that inhibit swelling or redness and increase the antioxidant capacity of skin cells.

For athletes, tea has proven to be a promising solution for tackling oxidative stress in muscles. Due to its extraordinary antioxidant properties, it evens out the imbalance of free radicals and antioxidants, which prevents chain reactions from occurring in the body.

Prevents Flu and Cold

Woman sneezing with tissue Flu is a common ailment that people face during seasonal changes and with the ongoing coronavirus dangers, it is even more of a concern. Colds and the flu can bring a lot of discomfort and distress to the person suffering from it. It might not be a cure-all, but Ginseng is known to be an excellent natural alternative for these ailments. Note: Consult a doctor before stopping any medication.

The healthy traits of ginseng boost the production of leukocytes, white blood cells that prevent viruses and bacteria from entering the bloodstream. As a result, the body helps stay on guard against the flu. Furthermore, ginseng promotes the production of antibodies that fight against viruses and keep the body healthy.

Relieves Insomnia

Improper absorption of micronutrients can lead to disturbed sleep at night, which can disrupt a person’s mood and overall well-being the next day. Ginseng made from the Korean plant facilitates the endocrine glands that help in the absorption of minerals and vitamins. As a result, the person can have a better night’s sleep and wake up fresh the next day.

Prevents Erectile Dysfunction

Clinical research supports the claim that links consumption of ginseng with improved genital function in men. According to a study, the compounds in Korean ginseng reduce oxidative stress in the male genitalia which can restore healthy sexual function.

One study showed improvement in 60% of the participants with erectile dysfunction. In another study, 86 men had significant improvement in their erectile function.

Even though there is substantial data available to support the purported claims of ginseng preventing and treating ED, still more studies are needed to establish concrete facts.

Boosts Energy

Fit Brunette Woman Running on Treadmill with Music Even though people are increasingly indulging more and more in regular workout regimens, there is still a significant number of people who live a sedentary life, which makes them susceptible to multiple health problems. Furthermore, the lack of activity in the lives of such people makes them weak and lethargic. Drinking ginseng tea can help those who lack energy in their lives.

Regular intake of Korean ginseng boosts the energy levels in the body, which works well for a person’s mental and physical well-being.

Helps Improve Brain Function

Ginseng is believed to help improve brain function in humans. The three most important cognitive functions are that they promise to improve our memory, mood, and behavior.

Some studies even suggest that ginseng can protect the brain from getting damaged in the presence of free radicals. However, more research is required to come up with definite conclusions.

Korean ginseng has many properties that provide multiple benefits to the human body internally and externally. One thing must be noted Korean tea is different from other ginseng teas from China, Siberia, and America.

So with all these health benefits, why not care for a nice spot of ginseng tea?

Understanding the Science behind Nightmares

woman sleeping in a wooden room — *Pixaby.com*

Waking up drenched in sweat, gripping the sheets in the middle of the night is a well-known concept for many people. And the culprit responsible for this is nightmares. A nightmare can wake a person up in a state of chronic anxiety and fear, while the world around them is fast asleep.

Nightmares can affect people of all ages, but children are more commonly the victim of the terrorizing sleep visions. However, most children grow out of it eventually, whereas if adults have nightmares, they might be in for a life-long chain of encounters with panic-inducing visions.

“It’s the stuff nightmares are made of” – A common expression we all have heard before, but what are nightmares exactly? Why do we have them and what can we do about them? Let’s delve further into this phenomenon and find out.

History

Back in the 1700s, a nightmare was defined as a disease characterized by having strong emotional responses due to a person’s thoughts during sleep. That is, people used to believe that when a person would think about having a weight upon themselves during their sleep, they would experience symptoms of nightmares. The said definition was first printed in the Universal Etymological English Dictionary published in 1721 by Nathan Bailey.

Although now people don’t often exchange the definition of a nightmare, the general perception about a nightmare remains the same. That is, a nightmare evokes strong emotional and physiological responses in humans.

Understanding Nightmares

Nightmares are an extension of a person’s fears and worries. However, the depiction of those fears and concerns in nightmares can be jarring and leave a person in a state of pain. According to the American Academy of Sleep, 10-50% of kids between the ages of 5-7 can be affected by nightmares to such an extent that they might end up disturbing their parents or a sibling to manage their fear.

Children’s nightmares are typically associated with a scary TV show or a film or any significant anxiety-evoking life event such as a death in the family or starting a new school. What a child sees in a nightmare is, in most cases, a reflection of how much they are affected by a harrowing life event or a scary story. Although the trauma of having a nightmare in kids is no less severe than that experienced by adults, children outgrow nightmares as they age. But if adults are on the receiving end of nightmares, then the chances are that they might never outgrow them.

The American Academy of Sleep reports that nightmares plague only 2-8% of the adult population. Adult nightmares are similar to children’s nightmares in most aspects. The nightmares an adult experiences are also a continuation of their thinking process. According to Lauri Quinn Loewenberg, the author of Dream on it, Unlock your Dreams and Change your Life; a nightmare is the continuation of our chain of thoughts from the day. Anything that disturbs a person during the day can disturb them during the night as well. The only difference is that in the day they can distract themselves while in the night, during sleep, they can’t distract themselves. And henceforth, nightmares can be overpowering and overwhelming.

Even though nightmares stem from the daily stresses, worries, and banes of life, they are not always the cause behind a nightmare. In some cases, poor eating habits can also cause bad dreams to occur. Indulging in a late-night snack or a carbohydrate-rich meal before going to bed can lead to a terror episode during the night.

For some people, hidden food allergies can also cause nightmares. Sometimes, it’s possible that people might not be aware of a food allergy that they might have. In such a case, that unknown food allergy can lead to disturbing nightmares.

Sometimes nightmares may also disturb a person while they are asleep if they have a sleep disorder. Some sleep disorders like sleep apnea or restless leg syndrome can induce nightmares in a person’s vision during sleep. Furthermore, having psychological disorders such as depression or anxiety can be the reason behind nightmares.

Brain and Nightmares

Typically, nightmares occur in the third phase of the night when REM (Rapid eye movement) is the strongest. There are four sleep stages that a person goes through. The first is sleep onset, the second stage is light sleep, and the third is the deep sleep stage, and the fourth stage is the REM stage.

In routine, rapid eye movement occurs every ninety minutes during the night and is associated with high brain activity, rapid eye movement, and involuntary motor movement. Most people get dreams during the REM stage.

Waking up due to dreams or nightmares is also more prevalent in the REM stage. According to an article published in the American Daily Physician, 80% of dreamers wake up from nightmares during the REM sleep or onset sleep.

What seems to be responsible for the profound responses to nightmares is the amygdala. The amygdala in the brain is associated with processing emotions. During the REM period of the night, the amygdala is highly active, which leads to intense emotional responses to nightmares. So when a person wakes up from a nightmare during the REM stage of sleep, their negative emotions are through the roof.

Dreamers that Encounter Nightmares Frequently

Even though anybody can have nightmares, some people are more susceptible to getting them. People with specific disabilities can have frequent nightmares related to their disability. For instance, a study published in 1990 in the journal Sleep Medicine reported that blind people are more prone to having dreams about getting into a car accident than people with vision. The fear of getting hit by a car or spilling coffee in a social gathering in blind people makes them four times more likely to have nightmares related to it.

Past trauma or distressing circumstances make certain people more vulnerable to the horrors of nightmares than others. A 1999 study published in the American Journal of Abnormal Psychology found that 40% of college students had at least one nightmare in a two-week study. These stats direct towards a strong connection between nightmares and everyday stress.

The only way to escape nightmares is to handle our fears of the day. Once a person learns to manage their everyday stresses properly, they will be less likely to have nightmares, unless they have a nightmare-inducing condition like a sleep disorder.

Distinguishing Between Depression and Sadness

A girl standing with a book alone in the woods — Pixaby.com

Continuing our series on depression, we will focus on sadness and discuss how the two are related. According to the reports by the American Association for Anxiety Disorders. Depression is a debilitating condition and can alter the quality of life of anyone who suffers from it, but how does this relate to depression?. A person may exhibit many symptoms, including anxiety, sadness, higher irritability, etc. Even though sadness can be part of depression, people often confuse the two terms and use them interchangeably.

So What is the Difference?

It is a feeling, an emotion that everyone experiences at some point in their lives. However, depression is a medical condition that is characterized by sadness and multiple other symptoms. It’s essential for people to understand that the two phenomena are fundamentally different in order to seek help when need be.

In simple terms, depression and sadness are not synonymous; one is a mental disorder while the other is a naturally occurring feeling. A chemical imbalance causes depression in the brain, and a traumatic or painful incident can trigger sadness. Sadness can fizzle out, but depression doesn’t. No matter how pervasive the sadness feels in the wake of a tragic accident, it will dissolve after some time. However, it is important to note that any traumatic event can be the triggering factor for depression, with sorrow as one of its symptoms.

Positive things can be done to manage both sadness and depression, for instance, if a person has a horrible boss and it induces sorrow in them, thinking about a day out with friends or going away for a day or two could bring relief to the sufferer. This method can help reduce anxiety, whether if it is just sadness or you are going through a depressive episode.

However, severe depression may need more positive inducing factors. And that’s a main difference between sadness and depression.

Sadness Symptoms

Sadness can, at times, can be all-encompassing, as if it has taken over a person’s life. And that’s natural. When people are hurt or faced with unpleasant circumstances, they can feel bad about it, but when those circumstances start disappearing or settling, people start feeling better. Even in times of extreme sadness or temporary depression, people can smile about things that make them happy.

Depression Symptoms

Depression is an abnormal state of being. It is physiological, which affects a person’s mood, behavior, thought processes, perceptions, and even appetite. It’s a psychological disorder that colors every aspect of a patient’s life. Here are some of the most common symptoms of depression.

- Feeling of despair
- Sadness
- Feeling of discouragement
- A loss of interest in activities that were once enjoyable
- An overpowering lack of motivation
- Receding self-esteem
- Feelings of self-doubt

A person suffering from depression likes to stay isolated and doesn’t want to take part in social activities, such as hanging out with friends or spending time with family.

If these symptoms last for more than two weeks, then a person may be diagnosed with major depressive disorder, commonly known as depression.

Some common signs of MDD are:

- Low levels of energy, lethargy
- Insomnia or disturbed sleeping patterns
- Continuous depressed mood for days
- Loss of interest in activities
- Loss of appetite, weight loss
- Feeling of worthlessness or excessive levels of guilt
- Inability to make decisions and concentrate
- Suicidal thoughts
- Recurrent episodes of uncontrollable crying

Anybody who experiences any 5 of the mentioned symptoms is most likely suffering from depression. However, to make a formal diagnosis, the doctor must link all the signs to depression and not to a different underlying mental condition like substance abuse.

Depression hampers a person’s ability to get through the day. If you have depression, then you must often find yourself struggling to get out of bed in the morning.

Biology of Depression

The nerve cells, known as neurons, communicate with one another within the nervous system via a chemical known as a neurotransmitter. When there is a discrepancy in the levels of certain neurotransmitters in the brain, the brain experiences a chemical imbalance.

In the case of depression, the brain encounters a lack of serotonin, a neurotransmitter responsible for communicating the feelings of happiness and ecstasy. The brain senses or registers the feeling of joy in the presence of serotonin; otherwise, it doesn’t recognize the feeling. When there is a shortage of serotonin in the brain, a person experiences symptoms of depression. And those symptoms can only be treated with a proper treatment plan.

Treatment of Depression

If a person experiences symptoms of depression for more than two weeks, then they should seek professional help, because unlike sadness, depression doesn’t go away without a proper treatment plan.

The most common treatment routes prescribed by psychiatrists are

Medication

To balance out the chemical imbalance in the brain during an episode of depression, doctors use drugs in patients with depression. The most common type of antidepressant medicine given to treat depression is selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). SSRIs increase the level of serotonin in the brain, which leads to mood enhancement and remission of the symptoms of depression.

SSRIs do help people with depression, but they can also have some adverse side effects. In some cases, they can aggravate the symptoms of depression and may even lead to the ideation of suicide in younger people.

Due to the adverse side effects of these medications, they come with black box warnings to ensure people know about the impact before consuming the medicine.

Psychotherapy and Counseling

Psychotherapy is talking with a trained professional who helps a patient tackle their symptoms of depression. Depression patients can take therapy with or without medication.

A therapist helps people with depression in identifying their trigger points and come up with coping mechanisms for those trigger factors.

In extreme cases, where a patient attempts suicide or harm themselves, psychotherapists are crucial to calm such patients down and help them deal with their severe symptoms.

Conclusion

Sadness and depression are two separate things. Both can occur independently of each other; however, depression needs proper treatment, while sadness can go away on its own.

Some Common Dental Problems in Children

Children, Smile, Eyes, Happy, Smiling, Joy

Anyone who has brought their child to the dentist knows it’s not a pleasant experience, neither for the child nor for the parent.

Unfortunately, cavities in children are as common as the seasons. As a parent, knowing some of the common dental issues can help you identify potential problems and improve the oral health of your children. Let’s take a look at what these dental issues are.

Tooth Decay

During these early years of discovery, children often tend to try foods and stick to habits that are certainly not good for their oral health. The gummy candies, sweets, ice cream, irregular brushing, and missing visits to the dentist all lead to oral health problems.

Tooth Decay is one of the most common dental problems in children. Around 20% of children in the US between the ages of 5 and 11 suffer from tooth decay. And the untreated and persistent condition continues well into adulthood for 13% of adolescents. In Australia, the problem is much more severe. There, half of all 12-year-olds have decay in their permanent teeth. This dental problem accounts for more than hundreds and thousands of lost school days throughout the world.

Tooth decay is caused by poor oral hygiene. This includes irregular brushing as well as not seeing a dentist regularly and eating carbohydrate-rich diets which include soda, juices, and canned fruit. All these factors allow a certain type of bacteria to thrive in the mouth. As a result, a sticky build-up known as plaque builds up in the mouth. Over time, when exposed to food, plaque produces acid which erodes the outer layer of the tooth (known as enamel). Eventually, the inner layers of the teeth continue to get affected by the plaque, which gradually leads to tooth decay.

On a positive note, tooth decay is a preventable condition. Proper brushing, a healthy diet, and regular visits to a dentist can help reduce the chances of a child developing this condition. It is important to brush properly twice a day with fluoride-rich toothpaste. Also, ensure that children as young as two years old floss their teeth regularly. Yes, easier said than done but worthwhile if you can get them to do it! You also need to make sure that your child avoids sugary foods, especially before bedtime, and visits a dentist at least once a year.

Bad Breath

Bad breath is another most common dental issue among adults as well as children. Often, bad breath is a result of the foods we consume. Foods with a strong smell such as garlic can lead to this. But if this is a persistent issue, it is an indication of other underlying issues.

Bad breath, medically known as halitosis, is caused by bacteria that reside in the mouth. This bacteria lives in colonies and survives on leftover food particles and plaque. As they eat food, they produce hydrogen sulfide which results in bad breath. The problem is most common in children in the morning. Since the bacteria continue to thrive at night, it results in halitosis. Sometimes, bad breath can be a result of other oral conditions such as gum problems, poor hygiene, and problems of the digestive system.

One of the best ways to prevent the problem of bad breath is regular and proper brushing. It is important to brush the tongue as well to remove the bacteria in the mouth. The use of antibacterial mouthwash can also help reduce this problem. If the problem persists throughout the day, you should get a dentist’s appointment for your child.

Tooth Sensitivity

Tooth anatomy isolated on white background — *Pixaby.com*

Another common dental issue in children is tooth sensitivity. This happens when the top layer of the tooth gets damaged by the bacteria.

The top layer of the tooth (AKA enamel) helps protect the inner parts of the teeth and nerves from getting damaged. When the enamel gets eroded by bacteria, it can expose the inner parts and nerve endings of the teeth. As a result, the tooth becomes more sensitive to cold and heat. If a child has tooth sensitivity, hot and cold food will cause irritation and discomfort. But in more severe cases where teeth are extremely sensitive, even breathing in hot and cold air can cause pain.

While anyone, regardless of age, can have tooth sensitivity, the problem is more common among kids. This is because their enamel is thinner compared to adults. Also since their diet includes too many carbohydrates, it results in damage to the enamel along with a buildup of plaque. While tooth sensitivity is primarily caused by damage to the enamel, other problems such as cavities can also lead to tooth sensitivity.

Just like most other dental problems, tooth sensitivity can be treated. However, this time good oral hygiene practices alone won’t help much and you will need to see the dentist. Dentists often recommend the application of a fluoride sealant to the teeth. This helps reduce sensitivity and strengthens tooth enamel. Also, it is recommended that children use a toothbrush with soft bristles. Using a toothbrush with hard bristles can damage the surface of the teeth over time.

Keeping Your Child’s Teeth Healthy

The solution to all dental issues in children lies in maintaining oral hygiene and visiting dentists regularly. Regular brushing and other oral hygiene practices such as flossing and the use of mouthwash will help keep dental problems to a minimum. But in case something arises, a visit to the dentist can certainly allow you to diagnose and treat any potential dental problem and set up your child’s teeth for a healthier future.

Six Super Seeds with Exceptional Health Benefits

pixabay.com

The Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommends that your diet must include plant proteins, monounsaturated fats and polyunsaturated fats. While it is difficult to find all three nutrients together, the use of seeds can help you solve this problem. Seeds, which are the reproductive unit of plants, are an excellent source of minerals, vitamins, healthy fats and essential amino acids.

Regular consumption of seeds is associated with a healthy blood sugar level, improved immunity, better heart health and lower risk of various medical conditions including obesity and cancer. It is easy to incorporate these tiny but mighty seeds into various recipes and each comes with a unique set of benefits. Do you want more energy or want to lose weight? There is a seed for that! Let’s look into the details about various seeds that can provide numerous health benefits despite their small size.

Chia Seeds

Chia seeds are considered to be one of the healthiest seeds on the planet. A good source of omega 3 fatty acids, chia seeds are extremely effective in controlling blood sugar levels and improving cardiac health. Chia seeds are a good source of fiber, magnesium and manganese which gives a boost to your metabolism and mental function. These seeds also contain polyphenols, which are powerful antioxidants that can help reduce inflammation in the body.

You can easily include chia seeds in your diet. You can simply sprinkle them over smoothies or shakes as it gives texture to your drinks or you can add them to your desserts. Also, you can mix them into salads and enjoy the crunch with other ingredients.

Hemp Seeds

We need nine different types of amino acids for adequate growth and development. The human body cannot make these amino acids and completely depend on food sources to create them. Hemp seeds are one of the very few seeds which are considered complete proteins. This means that hemp seeds contain all the nine essential amino acids which the human body needs.

These seeds are rich in polyunsaturated fats and also contain both omega 6 and omega 3 fatty acids. They include an important anti-inflammatory omega 3 fatty acid which helps prevent various skin conditions associated with dryness. Hemp seeds are also an excellent source of zinc and magnesium.

Unlike other seeds, hemp seeds have a nutty flavor so they can be consumed on their own. Along with other seeds, you can sprinkle them over salads, yogurt and smoothies for texture. You can also bake them. Many people also make hemp milk at home using whole hemp seeds.

Flax Seeds

Flax Seed Field Photo by enneafive

Very similar to chia seeds, flax seeds are packed with minerals, protein and fiber. Two tablespoons of flax seeds include six grams of fiber and four grams of protein. Flaxseeds are also rich in omega 3 fatty acids and contain various types of polyphenols. However, the omega 3 fatty acids that are contained within the outer shell cannot be easily digested by humans. So it is best to consume grounded flax seeds.

Various studies were conducted to find the effect of regular consumption of flaxseeds. The results indicated that the nutrients in flaxseeds can help improve cardiac health by reducing cholesterol. Flaxseeds are also known for reducing blood pressure and can reduce the risk of various types of cancer.

In addition to all these health benefits, regular consumption of flaxseeds is associated with improved blood sugar levels. They are an important source of Vitamin B1 which is essential for various functions in the body.

Similar to chia seeds, you can add flaxseeds to salads, smoothies and muffins. Flaxseeds are an integral part of the vegan diet and can be used as a substitute for eggs.

Nigella

Nigella is also a super seed that is widely used as a kitchen spice. But in addition to its culinary use, nigella is known for its various health benefits.

For centuries, it has been used to treat medical conditions such as bronchitis and other diseases caused by bacterial infections.

Nigella contains powerful antioxidants. With regular use of nigella, patients suffering from medical conditions caused by inflammation such as rheumatoid arthritis, observed reduced markers of inflammation. Nigella can also protect against various health conditions such as cancer, diabetes and heart disease. Also, the anti-oxidants in nigella can help reduce the inflammation of the liver and can significantly improve liver function. The use of nigella is also associated with an improvement in stomach ulcers and improved blood sugar levels.

Unlike other seeds, nigella has a strong flavor. With a slightly bitter taste, toasted or ground nigella can be added to a variety of dishes or can simply be sprinkled over bread or yogurt. A concentrated dose of nigella is available in the form of capsules.

Sesame Seeds

Despite the small size, sesame seeds are an excellent source of protein, fiber, calcium and iron. They are rich in amino acids and contain linoleic and oleic acids which can significantly reduce cholesterol and prevent the risk of cardiac problems. Regular use of sesame seeds is associated with improved hair growth and skin condition. Since it is a source of calcium, the use of sesame seeds helps improve the health of bones and teeth.

It is very easy to incorporate sesame seeds into every diet. You can use sesame seed oil for cooking or stir-frying. You can sprinkle them on salads and yogurt. You can also add them to a variety of stir-fried foods for an added crunch. Sesame seeds have a nutty flavor and you can enhance the flavor by dry roasting the seeds. They are also a staple for bagels in most bagel stores.

Sunflower Seeds

Slightly bigger in size compared to the other seeds, sunflower seeds are a great source of healthy fats, proteins, fiber, copper and magnesium. Also, sunflower seeds are considered to be the richest source of Vitamin E. Sunflower seeds are an excellent source of folate. Just like other seeds, sunflower seeds provide a host of health benefits. They help maintain healthy skin, protect against cancer, keep the bones healthy and balance the blood sugar level.

Sunflower seeds are a source of oil that can be used for cooking or as dressing over salads. They have a distinct taste so you can use them as a snack or can use them along with other fruits and vegetables. Sunflower butter is also used as an alternative to peanut butter.

Pomegranate Seeds

Illustration of pomergrant seeds — *Pomegranate Seeds are Healthy to Eat*

Contrary to popular opinion, pomegranate seeds are good to eat, so besides the exceptional health benefits of pomegranates in general, such as vitamin C, potassium and fiber, you can get even more benefits if you include their seeds.

Conclusion

Despite their small size, seeds are an excellent source of plant protein that provides a variety of nutritional benefits. However, it is important to remember that while most of these seeds are healthy, consuming too much can have side effects. Also, if you are suffering from a medical condition, it is best to consult a doctor before you incorporate any type of seed into your daily diet.

Coronavirus – A Battle within China or a Global Epidemic?

About Coronavirus

If there are not enough problems in the world, we now have to deal with a potentially deadly virus that is spreading throughout the world. Known as 2019 n-CoV (AKA Coronavirus), there is no known cure, but rest assured that at this time in the United States, the danger of catching this disease is very minimal.

Additionally, the latest analysis of patients who have contracted the virus are mostly the elderly, people who have existing health conditions which include those who have a deficiency within their immune system. Let’s read on to find out more about this disease and what we can do about it!

Where Did It Start?

Towards the end of the year 2019, several cases of pneumonia were reported in Wuhan City in the Hubei Province of China. The virus causing this condition was distinct and did not match any known viruses. This raised concerns as no one was aware of how the virus would affect humans.

A week later, on the 7^th of January 2020, Chinese officials confirmed the identification of the new virus. It was named 2019 n-CoV. Since then, the World Health Organization has been working closely with Chinese authorities and other international medical organizations in finding more about this virus.

As of this writing,

- - More than 300 deaths have been recorded in China
  - Over 4,000 people around the world have been affected by the virus
  - 110 people in the US were evaluated for the virus and five were confirmed
  - The virus continues to be a global threat affecting people in 11 countries around the world.
  - Global stock markets experience turbulence as 2019- nCoV continues to spread.

What is Coronavirus?

Coronavirus belongs to the family of viruses that are common in various species of animals. Earlier, it was reported that the virus circulates in animals and had some links with seafood and animal markets. However, there was a growing number of patients reported that they had no exposure to the animal market. This indicates that the virus is spreading through person-to-person contact. But so far, it is too early to conclude how it is spreading.

In humans, these viruses can cause illnesses ranging from the common cold and flu to diseases such as pneumonia, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS). The new virus identified by the Chinese authorities has been temporarily named as novel coronavirus (2019- nCoV) and is the seventh type of coronavirus which has affected humans.

According to the WHO situation report 7, it is estimated that the incubation period of the virus ranges between two and ten days. However, this is just an estimate and further investigation is required. An understanding of the incubation period will allow medical practitioners to control the growth of the virus in the human body.

Transmission

Since the virus is commonly found in animals, it rarely infects people. But so far, it is believed that the virus is spreading through person-to-person contact. Similar to how it spreads with SARS and MERS, it is believed that respiratory droplets are the agents of transmission. Coughing and sneezing can contribute towards the spread; however, in the case of SARS and MERS, the transmission as a result of close contact. No such conclusions can be drawn regarding 2019 – nCoV, but the CDC, WHO, and other local and global authorities are trying to learn more about its behavior.

Symptoms

The virus can cause infections with a range of symptoms. Infected people can have little or no symptoms, but some people can have severe symptoms including:

- - Shortness of breath
  - Cough
  - Fever
  - Acute respiratory tract infections

Prevention and Treatment

Currently, there is no treatment for the condition. Patients diagnosed with 2019 – nCoV usually receive support to relieve the symptoms however, there is no specific antiviral treatment that is recommended at this time.

Additionally, there is no preventive vaccine that can prevent this infection, so the best way to prevent it is to simply do your best to avoid exposure. The World Health Organization (WHO) and CDC provide the following recommendations:

- - Wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water for at least 20 seconds
  - In case water and soap are not available, use an alcohol-based sanitizer. The sanitizer must have at least 60% alcohol.
  - Avoid unnecessary touching of nose, eyes, and mouth especially with unwashed hands.
  - Avoid contact with people who are sick and have flu-like symptoms.
  - When sneezing or coughing, cover your mouth and nose with a tissue or flexed elbow. Immediately throw out the tissue and thoroughly wash hands.
  - Thoroughly cook meat and eggs.
  - Avoid unnecessary contact with animals.
  - Wear face masks in public areas, especially in locations such as airports, subways and elevators.
  - Cancel all non-urgent travel to China and neighboring countries.

Follow the John Hopkins interactive map on how the coronavirus is spreading.

What’s Happening in China Right Now?

*Schoolgirl with medicine mask on face in a classroom*

With 4,451 confirmed and 5,794 suspected cases in China, the state is facing an emergency situation. Almost 20 cities are facing travel restrictions. Screening statioWildlife trade has been banned. Authorities have also postponed the new session for schools and colleges nationwide.

What’s Being Done in the US?

The CDC is screening all travelers from Wuhan and other parts of China at several airports throughout the country. They also recommend avoiding unnecessary travel to Hubei province in China. It is expected that almost three dozen diplomats and their families will evacuate the region. The CDC is also monitoring at least 100 people in two states in the US.

Global Impact

The US and other countries are working to evacuate their citizens. The Philippines announced that they will stop issuing an on-arrival visa to all Chinese travelers. However, the virus has already affected 11 more countries outside of China. So far, 47 confirmed cases of 2019 n-CoV have been reported, with five in the US and three in France. The virus is spreading not only in the immediate neighboring regions of China but is also affecting other countries including Canada and Australia. Thus, on a global level, the risk assessment of this virus is high.

Conclusion

The World Health Organization is meticulously working towards knowing more about the virus. Local authorities and global researchers are also joining hands to find a solution to this deadly virus. New information will certainly help in finding ways to control the spread of the coronavirus and to save the lives of people not only in China but around the world.

Health Effects of Exposure to Radiation

More than half of the radiation we are exposed to comes from nature. The ultraviolet rays of the sun, the rocks, soil, minerals and even our bodies are sources of radiation. The other half of the radiation comes from man-made sources. This includes medical tests, radioactive treatments to cure certain types of diseases and nuclear power plants.

Since radiation has existed in our atmosphere for millions of years, human bodies have evolved and can deal with exposure to a small amount of it. With advances in research and technology, there has been an increase in the use of radiation in health care and energy sectors. Now radiation is commonly used in imaging, testing and treatment of various medical conditions. It is also used to fuel energy generation. While radiation has helped mankind by helping diagnose medical conditions more accurately, treat some of the previously incurable diseases and solve the problem of power shortages, it has tremendously increased the risk of potential health problems which can be caused by exposure to radiation. How exposure to radiation affects human health is discussed below.

What is Radiation?

Similar to other forms of energy, radiation is a form of energy. However, it travels as fast-moving particles or waves. There are two types of radiation.

Non-Ionizing Radiation

This type of radiation exists as a weak form of energy. The molecules of this type of radiation do not carry enough energy to modify the atomic structure of any other particle. This type of radiation comes from cell phones, microwave and infrared light.

Ionizing Radiation

Ionizing radiation is more dangerous compared to non-ionizing radiation. This is because it has more energy and can modify the atomic structure of any particle. Ionizing radiation includes ultraviolet radiation, radon, x-rays and gamma rays.

Health Effects of Radiation Exposure

When humans are exposed to non-ionizing radiation such as cell phones and microwaves, it does not cause any damage to the human body. However, when exposed to ionizing radiation, it can damage the DNA. Since the human body is exposed to a small amount of radiation naturally, often, it can manage to repair the damage. However, if the damage is extensive or cannot be repaired, radiation exposure can either permanently damage the cells or tissues or can cause the cells to become uncontrollable. Uncontrolled cell and tissue growth are medically known as a tumor.

Radiation Sickness

Radiation sickness is a series of symptoms that appear when a person is exposed to very large doses of ionizing radiation in a short span of time. During a radioactive accident such as a nuclear blast or accident at a nuclear power plant, people receive very large doses of radiation. The distance between the person and the source of radiation and the frequency and duration of exposure will determine the amount of radiation absorbed by the body. This, in turn, will determine the intensity of symptoms. The initial symptoms of radiation sickness include nausea and vomiting. Other possible symptoms can include:

Severe burns
Fever
Weakness and Fatigue
Dizziness and difficulty in maintaining balance

In case of a nuclear accident, it is important to stay tuned to the updates provided by the concerned authorities. They will provide recommendations about whether to stay at the place of the disaster or evacuate. They can also guide you when to seek medical assistance and what to do in the interim.

Increased Risk of Cancer

Exposure to ionizing radiation can significantly increase changes in the DNA. This increases the risk of gene mutation. Also since ionizing radiation can modify the structure of the cells and tissues, it can cause them to multiply uncontrollably. This uncontrolled cell division can cause cancer. Studies have found that the use of radiation in medical imaging and treatment for various types of cancer can increase the risk of cancer. However, the risk of cancer depends upon the source and amount of radiation exposure. It also depends upon the age and the frequency of radiation exposure.

For example, children who are exposed to radiation from a CT scan are much likely to develop cancer at a later stage in life, compared to an adult. Whereas the risk of an adult developing cancer from a CT scan is much lower. Similarly, the type of radiation imaging used also affects the risk of developing cancer. Thus, a person who has been exposed to more CT scans is more likely to develop cancer compared to those who are exposed to a normal x-ray. Similarly, a person who is exposed to a nuclear accident might suffer from radiation sickness immediately but has a much higher risk of developing cancer at a later stage.

Since 40% of Americans are already at risk of developing cancer at some point in their lives, it is difficult to assign a numerical value to the increased risk of cancer due to radiation. But it is certain that radiation exposure can increase the risk of cancer.

Increased Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases

A study was conducted to find out the effect of radiation on cardiovascular diseases. The study included three-million people with 28 different types of cancer for 40 years. The result indicated that 33% of the people who were a part of the study died from cancer. While 11% of those treated from cancer using radiotherapy died as a result of cardiovascular diseases.

Radiotherapy given to treat various types of cancers can involve exposure of the heart to the ionizing radiation. This can increase the substantial risk of cardiovascular diseases. Also, exposure to radiation due to other sources such as radiation industries and exposure to radioactive accidents can also damage the heart and the blood vessels. As a result, it can significantly increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases.