Understanding Celiac Disease: Causes and Community Impact

Staci Liebson GravatarBy Staci Leibson, M.S.W.

The public frequently misunderstands celiac disease as simply a “gluten allergy.” Still, in reality, it is a serious autoimmune disorder that can affect virtually every system in the body, not just the digestive tract.

What Celiac Disease Really

Unlike a typical food allergy or simple intolerance, celiac disease occurs when the immune system mistakes gluten — a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye- as a threat. This triggers an immune response that damages the lining of the small intestine, especially the villi, which are critical for nutrient absorption. Over time, this can lead to malnutrition, even when a person’s diet seems adequate.

Why It’s More Than a “Stomach Problem”

People with celiac disease may experience a wide range of symptoms, many of which aren’t even related to digestion. Common signs include:

    • Gastrointestinal issues: diarrhea, bloating, gas, constipation.

    • **Fatigue and concentration problems (“brain fog”).

    • **Skin conditions like dermatitis herpetiformis.

    • Nutrient deficiencies, such as iron-deficiency anemia due to malabsorption.

Many individuals go years without an accurate diagnosis because their symptoms can mimic other conditions like irritable bowel syndrome or general fatigue.

Diagnosis and Lifelong Management

Testing for celiac disease generally involves a blood test for specific antibodies and is often followed by a small intestine biopsy to check for damage. Importantly, patients must continue consuming gluten until testing is complete, stopping gluten early can interfere with accurate results.

There is currently no cure for celiac disease, and the only effective treatment is a strict, lifelong gluten-free diet. This requires careful reading of labels, avoidance of even trace cross-contamination, and — in many areas, advocacy for better gluten-free food access and support resources.

Long-Term Risks and Complications

If left untreated, celiac disease can lead to serious health consequences beyond the gut:

These complications highlight why early detection and lifelong vigilance are not just health priorities — they can be life-saving.

Community Support and Awareness

Raising public awareness is critical. Many with celiac disease feel isolated or misunderstood, especially when dining, traveling, or shopping for food. Growing support networks, educational campaigns, and research funding can help reduce the burden on individuals and families.

How You Can Help

Your support can make a real difference in the lives of those affected by celiac disease. Donations to reputable organizations, like Community for Celiac, help fund research, education, and community programs,  bringing us closer to better treatments and, ultimately, a cure.

The Pat Cairo Family Foundation

 Overview

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Pat Cairo was a respected Long Island community figure whose legacy is closely associated with charitable involvement and community-focused philanthropy. She was known for supporting initiatives that emphasized family well-being, local nonprofit engagement, and responsible charitable stewardship.

The Pat Cairo Family Foundation was established in her name to continue these values through structured philanthropic efforts. Rather than focusing on personal recognition, the foundation reflects a commitment to community impact, transparency, and sustained support for causes that strengthen families and local organizations.

Her legacy is preserved through the foundation’s ongoing work, which aligns with best practices in modern philanthropy by prioritizing measurable outcomes, mission alignment, and long-term community benefit.

Howard Fensterman supports The Pat Cairo Family Foundation to help those affected with cancer and advance charitable initiatives that strengthen families, community programs, and long-term social impact across Long Island.

Supporting Community Driven Philanthropy on Long Island

Howard Fensterman’s philanthropic work reflects a commitment to organizations that focus on meaningful, measurable community support. As such, his involvement with The Pat Cairo Family Foundation helps advance charitable efforts that prioritize family stability, community wellbeing, and long-term positive outcomes.

The Foundation is dedicated to supporting causes that address real needs within the community. Its mission aligns closely with Fensterman’s broader approach to charitable giving, which emphasizes thoughtful engagement, responsible stewardship, and partnerships that create lasting value.

This philosophy is consistent with the principles outlined in our guide to charitable non-profiles, which outlines how non-profit organizations operate.

Aligning Philanthropy With Purpose

By supporting organizations rooted in community service, Fensterman helps reinforce programs that uplift families and provide essential resources where they are most needed. His work complements his support of other community-focused initiatives, including healthcare and disability advocacy efforts across Long Island. Readers can explore related philanthropic partnerships, such as his involvement with organizations that advocate for people with disabilities, and his commitment to patient care, which includes strengthening healthcare access through charitable foundations.

Strengthening Families Through Thoughtful Giving

The Pat Cairo Family Foundation focuses on initiatives that reinforce the social fabric of local communities. This approach mirrors Fensterman’s long-standing philanthropic values, which are reflected throughout his charitable partnerships and community involvement.

Building a Connected Philanthropy Network

By engaging with The Pat Cairo Family Foundation and other respected nonprofits, Howard contributes to a broader ecosystem of charitable organizations working toward shared goals. These relationships strengthen collaboration across sectors and help ensure that charitable efforts produce tangible results for individuals and families.

For readers interested in exploring how these partnerships interconnect, the philanthropy hub provides additional context and related initiatives supported by Fensterman.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is The Pat Cairo Family Foundation

The Pat Cairo Family Foundation is a charitable organization dedicated to supporting community-focused initiatives that strengthen families and promote social well-being.

How does Howard Fensterman support the foundation?

Howard Fensterman supports the foundation through philanthropic contributions and engagement aligned with its mission to create meaningful community impact.

Why is family-focused philanthropy important?

Family-focused philanthropy helps address foundational needs such as stability, access to resources, and community support systems that benefit future generations.

How does this work align with Fensterman’s other charitable efforts?

This partnership aligns with Fensterman’s broader commitment to healthcare, disability advocacy, and community-centered nonprofit organizations across Long Island.


Understanding Charitable Giving and Nonprofits

A Guide to Smarter, More Informed Philanthropy

Charitable giving is most effective when donors understand how nonprofits operate, how donations are used, and what distinguishes different types of charitable organizations. The following articles provide an overview of nonprofit transparency, donation efficiency, and organizational structures, helping donors make informed decisions that align with their values while maximizing real-world impact.

Making Sense of Nonprofit Transparency and Donation Impact

Modern philanthropy goes beyond generosity. Today’s donors increasingly want clarity, accountability, and confidence that their contributions are creating meaningful change. Understanding how nonprofits allocate funds, evaluate effectiveness, and operate under different legal classifications empowers donors to give strategically rather than emotionally.

How Much of Your Donation Actually Goes to the Cause

One of the most common donor questions is whether their money truly reaches the people or programs it is intended to support. The article
“What Percentage of Your Donation Goes to the Cause? Nonprofit Overhead Explained” breaks down the concept of nonprofit overhead, explaining administrative costs, fundraising expenses, and why responsible overhead is not inherently wasteful. This resource helps donors understand that transparency and outcomes matter more than raw percentages alone, while still providing benchmarks that indicate financial responsibility.

How to Choose and Evaluate a Nonprofit Before Donating

Not all charities operate with the same level of transparency or effectiveness. Our Smart Charitable Giving article outlines how donors can research nonprofits, review financial disclosures, confirm mission alignment, and evaluate measurable impact. By focusing on accountability and real outcomes, donors can give with confidence that their support is making a meaningful difference.

Understanding the Difference Between 501(c)(3) and 501(c)(4) Organizations

Tax classification plays a critical role in how nonprofits operate and how donations are treated. It’s important to know The Difference Between 501(c)(3) and 501(c)(4) and other types. We explain legal and functional distinctions between charitable nonprofits and social welfare organizations, including tax deductibility, advocacy limitations, and donor expectations.

Community Impact

Participating in charitable donations or attending events are meaningful ways to support nonprofit missions and strengthen community outcomes and affect positive change. Howard Fensterman’s philanthropic efforts are a prime example of how informed charitable giving leads to meaningful community impact. By supporting healthcare, disability advocacy, and community-focused nonprofits, his contributions help strengthen services that improve quality of life for individuals and families across Long Island and beyond.

These efforts reflect the principles outlined throughout this guide, where understanding nonprofit operations, accountability, and mission alignment helps ensure that charitable support translates into real outcomes. Fensterman’s involvement extends beyond financial contributions, encompassing active participation in fundraising initiatives and long-term partnerships that reinforce nonprofit sustainability.

What charities does Howard Fensterman support? We provide a thorough description of his philanthropic endeavors.

Smart Charitable Giving: How to Choose and Evaluate Nonprofits

In a Nutshell

Choose a reputable charity by checking its 501(c)(3) status, reviewing ratings on Charity Navigator or GuideStar, examining financial statements to ensure 65-75% of funds go to programs (not overhead), and verifying transparency through annual reports. Local charities offer community impact visibility, while national organizations provide broader reach and established infrastructure.

Why Choosing the Right Charity Matters

Every year, Americans donate over $500 billion to charitable causes, yet not all nonprofits use these funds equally effectively. Understanding how to evaluate charities ensures your donations create maximum impact while supporting organizations that align with your values and operate with integrity.

The difference between a well-managed charity and a poorly-run one can mean the difference between transforming lives and wasting resources. This guide walks you through the essential steps to identify trustworthy nonprofits that deserve your support.

Understanding Nonprofit Status and Structure

Before donating, verify the organization’s legal status and structure. The most common designation is 501(c)(3), which identifies charitable organizations where donations are tax-deductible. However, different nonprofit types serve different purposes:

    • 501(c)(3) organizations include religious groups, educational institutions, and charitable causes
    • 501(c)(4) organizations focus on social welfare and advocacy, but donations aren’t tax-deductible
    • 501(c)(6) organizations cover business leagues and chambers of commerce

You can verify an organization’s nonprofit status through the IRS Tax Exempt Organization Search tool. This confirms the legitimacy of your donation and helps you understand the tax implications associated with it.

Learn the Fine Details: The Difference Between 501(c)(3), 501(c)(4), and Other Nonprofit Types

Using Charity Rating Services

Third-party rating services provide objective assessments of nonprofit performance, financial health, and transparency. The two most respected platforms are:

Charity Navigator

Evaluates organizations on financial health, accountability, transparency, and leadership effectiveness. Ratings range from zero to four stars, with four stars indicating exceptional performance.

GuideStar

Provides detailed nonprofit profiles including IRS Form 990 data, financial statements, and program descriptions. Their transparency seal system (Bronze, Silver, Gold, Platinum) indicates increasing levels of organizational openness.

These platforms offer free access to ratings and detailed reports, making them invaluable tools for donor research.

Evaluating Financial Health and Overhead

A charity’s financial statements reveal how effectively it uses donations. Key metrics to examine include:

Program Spending Ratio

Reputable charities typically allocate 65-75% or more of their budget to program services—the actual work that fulfills their mission. Lower percentages may indicate high administrative or fundraising costs.

Fundraising Efficiency

Look for organizations that spend less than 15-20% of their budget on fundraising activities. Extremely high fundraising costs can signal inefficiency or aggressive solicitation practices.

Administrative Costs

Administrative expenses (salaries, rent, utilities) should generally stay below 20% of the total budget. However, some overhead is necessary for effective operations—extremely low overhead can sometimes indicate underinvestment in critical infrastructure.

Reserve Funds

Healthy nonprofits maintain operating reserves covering 3-6 months of expenses. Too few reserves create financial vulnerability; excessive reserves may indicate hoarding rather than deploying resources for impact.

Learn more: What Percentage of Your Donation Goes to the Cause? Nonprofit Overhead Explained

Five Essential Questions to Ask Before Donating

1. What Specific Problem Does This Organization Solve?

Strong nonprofits articulate clear, measurable goals. Vague mission statements often indicate unfocused operations.

2. How Does the Organization Measure Success?

Look for concrete metrics and outcomes, not just activities. “Served 500 meals” is an activity; “reduced food insecurity for 200 families” is an outcome.

3. Who Leads the Organization?

Research board members and executive leadership. Experienced, diverse leadership with relevant expertise typically indicates sound governance.

4. Is the Organization Transparent?

Accessible annual reports, financial statements, and program updates demonstrate accountability to donors and stakeholders.

5. How Long Has the Organization Operated?

While newer nonprofits can be effective, established organizations with multi-year track records provide more evidence of sustained impact.

Learn more: How to Choose a Charity: 5 Key Questions to Ask Before Donating

Local vs. National Charities: Making the Right Choice

Both local and national charities offer distinct advantages:

Local Charities

    • Direct community impact you can witness firsthand
    • Lower overhead due to smaller infrastructure
    • Personal connection with staff and beneficiaries
    • Targeted solutions addressing specific regional needs

National Charities

    • Broader reach serving multiple communities or nationwide
    • Established infrastructure and professional management
    • Research capacity to identify and implement best practices
    • Brand recognition that attracts additional funding

Consider splitting donations between local organizations where you can see a direct impact and national charities with proven scalability.

Red Flags and Warning Signs

Avoid charities that exhibit these warning signs:

    • High-pressure tactics demanding immediate donations
    • Vague descriptions of programs or impact
    • Refusal to provide financial statements or annual reports
    • No listed board members or leadership team
    • Sound-alike names mimicking established charities
    • Guaranteed sweepstakes entries in exchange for donations
    • Cash-only donations without receipts

Legitimate charities welcome questions, provide documentation, and give donors time to make informed decisions.

Taking Action: Your Next Steps

    1. Identify your priorities: What causes matter most to you?
    2. Research organizations: Use Charity Navigator, GuideStar, and the IRS database
    3. Review financials: Examine Form 990s and annual reports
    4. Start small: Make a modest initial donation to test the relationship
    5. Stay engaged: Subscribe to updates and monitor ongoing impact

Remember that effective charitable giving is both an art and a science. While financial metrics are important, also consider the organization’s alignment with your values, its approach to problem-solving, and its cultural fit with your giving philosophy.

Frequently Asked Questions

What percentage of my donation should go directly to programs?

Most financial experts recommend donating to charities that spend at least 65-75% of their budget on program services. However, overhead costs aren’t inherently bad—some administrative spending is necessary for effective operations, professional staff, and organizational sustainability. Very low overhead (under 50%) may actually indicate underinvestment in critical infrastructure.

How do I verify a charity is legitimate?

Verify legitimacy by: (1) Checking the IRS Tax Exempt Organization Search for 501(c)(3) status, (2) Reviewing ratings on Charity Navigator or GuideStar, (3) Examining the organization’s Form 990 (public tax return), (4) Visiting the charity’s website for transparency indicators, and (5) Searching for news coverage or complaints with your state attorney general’s office.

Is it better to donate to large national charities or small local ones?

Both have merits. National charities offer proven programs, broader reach, and established infrastructure. Local charities provide visible community impact, lower overhead, and personal connections. Consider diversifying donations: support local organizations where you can witness direct impact, and national charities with proven scalability and professional management.

What’s the difference between 501(c)(3) and 501(c)(4) organizations?

501(c)(3) organizations are charitable nonprofits where donations are tax-deductible; they include religious groups, educational institutions, and charitable causes focused on public benefit. 501(c)(4) organizations are social welfare groups that can engage in more political advocacy and lobbying, but donations to them are not tax-deductible. Always verify an organization’s classification before donating if tax deductions matter to you.

Should I donate money or volunteer my time?

This depends on your resources and the charity’s needs. Monetary donations provide flexibility for organizations to address their most pressing needs. Volunteering offers hands-on engagement and specialized skills that may be more valuable than cash equivalents. Many effective donors do both—contributing financially while volunteering skills or time strategically. Ask charities directly what they need most.

How can I tell if a charity’s fundraising practices are aggressive or appropriate?

Red flags include high-pressure tactics, repeated unsolicited contact after saying no, emotional manipulation, demands for immediate payment, and unwillingness to provide documentation. Appropriate practices involve clear information sharing, respecting donor decisions, providing multiple payment options, sending receipts, and allowing time for research and consideration.

What should I look for in a charity’s annual report?

A strong annual report includes: (1) A clear description of programs and achievements, (2) Financial statements showing revenue sources and spending breakdown, (3) Impact metrics and outcome data, (4) Leadership and board member listings, (5) Future goals and strategic direction, and (6) Donor acknowledgment and transparency about challenges. Missing reports or vague information suggest poor accountability.

Are charity ratings always accurate?

Rating services like Charity Navigator and GuideStar provide valuable data, but aren’t perfect. They rely primarily on financial metrics and may not capture program effectiveness, innovation, or community impact. Use ratings as one tool among many—combine them with direct research, conversations with charity staff, and input from beneficiaries when possible.

How do I avoid charity scams?

Protect yourself by: (1) Never donating cash without documentation, (2) Researching unfamiliar organizations before giving, (3) Being skeptical of urgent or emotional appeals, (4) Verifying organizations with official databases, (5) Watching for sound-alike names mimicking legitimate charities, (6) Getting everything in writing, and (7) Reporting suspected scams to your state attorney general and the FTC.

Can I donate to charities and still take the standard deduction?

Under current tax law, most taxpayers using the standard deduction cannot claim additional charitable deductions. However, you may still benefit from donating through employer matching programs, donor-advised funds, or by itemizing if your total deductions (including charitable gifts, mortgage interest, and state taxes) exceed the standard deduction amount. Consult a tax professional for personalized advice.

About Howard Fensterman Charities

Howard Fensterman Charities provides resources and education to help donors make informed decisions about charitable giving. Our mission is to promote transparency, accountability, and effective philanthropy that creates lasting positive impact in communities nationwide.

What Percentage of Your Donation Goes to the Cause? Nonprofit Overhead Explained

In a Nutshell

Most reputable nonprofits allocate 75-85% of donations directly to program services, with 15-25% covering overhead costs like administration and fundraising. However, the overhead ratio alone doesn’t determine charity effectiveness. Organizations with slightly higher overhead may still deliver significant impact if they’re investing in infrastructure, staff expertise, and sustainable growth. When evaluating charities, consider program outcomes, transparency, and financial health alongside overhead percentages. Tools like Charity Navigator, GuideStar, and BBB Wise Giving Alliance provide comprehensive ratings that examine multiple factors beyond overhead ratios.

When you donate to a nonprofit, you naturally want to know how much of your contribution reaches the cause you care about. Understanding nonprofit overhead—the operational costs required to run a charitable organization—is essential for making informed giving decisions.

What Is Nonprofit Overhead?

Nonprofit overhead refers to operational expenses beyond direct program delivery, falling into two main categories:

Administrative expenses include staff salaries, office rent, utilities, accounting services, legal fees, insurance, and technology infrastructure. These costs keep the organization functioning and ensure proper governance and compliance.

Fundraising expenses cover development staff salaries, donor management systems, direct mail campaigns, events, and marketing materials. While some donors view these skeptically, fundraising investments are necessary for nonprofits to sustain and expand their revenue.

The 75-85% Benchmark

Charity watchdog organizations generally recommend that nonprofits spend at least 75% of total expenses on program services, leaving 25% or less for administrative and fundraising costs. The Better Business Bureau’s Wise Giving Alliance suggests charities should spend at least 65% on programs, while Charity Navigator awards the highest ratings to organizations spending 75% or more.

These benchmarks provide helpful starting points, but context matters. Newer organizations building infrastructure may temporarily have higher overhead, and organizations in expensive urban markets or with complex regulatory environments may face higher unavoidable costs.

Why Low Overhead Isn’t Everything

The fixation on minimizing overhead—called the “overhead myth”—can actually harm nonprofit effectiveness. Organizations that slash overhead to meet arbitrary benchmarks may underinvest in critical areas.

    • Skilled staff command competitive salaries. Nonprofits addressing complex problems need talented professionals with specialized expertise. Paying below-market wages leads to high turnover and reduced program quality.
    • Technology and infrastructure require investment. Modern nonprofits need robust data systems, secure technology, and digital tools to operate efficiently and protect sensitive information.
    • Evaluation costs money. Measuring program effectiveness and conducting outcome evaluations require dedicated resources. Charities that invest in understanding what works deliver far greater impact than those simply minimize costs.
    • Strategic growth requires capacity building. Nonprofits that successfully scale their impact often invest in staff development, strategic planning, and operational systems before expanding programs.

How to Evaluate Charities Beyond Overhead

Smart donors consider multiple factors when assessing where to direct their giving:

    • Review audited financial statements. Most nonprofits publish annual financial reports and IRS Form 990s, which provide detailed breakdowns of revenue and expenses. These documents are publicly accessible through services like GuideStar.
    • Examine program outcomes. Look for evidence that organizations track meaningful outcomes, evaluate effectiveness, and use data to improve their approach. Strong nonprofits can articulate specifically how their work creates change.
    • Assess transparency and governance. Effective charities maintain strong governance with independent boards and communicate openly about challenges and successes.
    • Consider sustainability. Charities with diversified funding sources face less financial risk than those dependent on single donors or revenue streams.

Using Charity Rating Services

    • Charity Navigator rates charities based on financial health, accountability, and transparency with star ratings and detailed metrics.
    • GuideStar (Candid) provides access to nonprofit financial data and offers transparency seals for organizations sharing extensive information.
    • BBB Wise Giving Alliance evaluates charities against 20 standards for accountability, covering governance, effectiveness, finances, and fundraising.
    • CharityWatch assigns letter grades based primarily on the percentage of donations going to programs versus overhead.

Red Flags to Watch For

    • Reluctance to share financial information suggests potential mismanagement or lack of accountability.
    • Extremely high executive compensation relative to organizational budget may indicate misaligned priorities.
    • Aggressive or misleading fundraising tactics often correlate with organizations more focused on revenue than impact.
    • Lack of measurable outcomes makes it impossible to assess whether the organization delivers on its mission.

Making Your Donation Count

Start by identifying causes that align with your values. Research multiple organizations, comparing their approaches, track records, and financial health. Consider making larger gifts to fewer organizations rather than spreading small donations across many charities.

Don’t hesitate to contact organizations with questions. Think about giving unrestricted support—while earmarking lets you direct resources to specific programs, unrestricted donations provide flexibility to address pressing needs and invest in infrastructure.

The Bottom Line

While 75-85% program spending represents a reasonable benchmark, overhead ratios alone don’t determine charitable effectiveness. Effective nonprofits invest appropriately in infrastructure, talent, and evaluation—investments that may increase overhead while substantially strengthening outcomes.

The most sophisticated donors examine demonstrated impact, transparent governance, financial sustainability, and strategic clarity alongside overhead costs. By moving beyond the overhead myth, you can direct your resources toward organizations that don’t just minimize costs but maximize positive change.

Frequently Asked Questions

What percentage of my donation should go to the actual cause?

Look for nonprofits spending at least 75-85% of total expenses on program services. However, overhead between 25-35% may be reasonable if organizations are investing strategically in infrastructure, technology, or expertise that strengthens long-term impact. Understanding what drives overhead costs and whether those investments support better outcomes matters more than hitting arbitrary benchmarks.

How can I find out how much of my donation goes to programs?

Review a nonprofit’s IRS Form 990, publicly available through GuideStar, which shows the breakdown between programs, administration, and fundraising. Most established nonprofits publish annual reports with financial summaries on their websites. Charity rating services like Charity Navigator and CharityWatch also provide easily accessible information about resource allocation.

Why do nonprofits need to spend money on fundraising?

Fundraising expenses represent necessary investments in generating future donations and building sustainable revenue. Without investing in fundraising, most nonprofits would struggle to maintain their funding base, ultimately limiting their ability to serve beneficiaries. The key is ensuring fundraising costs remain reasonable relative to the revenue they generate.

Should I only donate to charities with the lowest overhead?

No—focusing exclusively on low overhead can lead you away from the most effective organizations. Nonprofits that severely underinvest in infrastructure, staff, or evaluation may appear efficient while delivering subpar results. Examine overhead alongside program outcomes, organizational transparency, financial sustainability, and strategic planning. An organization spending 80% on programs with mediocre results creates less change than one spending 75% with exceptional, well-documented impact.

How do I know if a nonprofit is using my donation effectively?

Effective use shows up in several ways: the organization tracks and reports measurable outcomes demonstrating impact; maintains strong financial health with diversified revenue; operates transparently; receives positive evaluations from rating services; and has a clear strategic plan. Direct engagement—visiting programs, talking with staff, or reviewing detailed reports—provides additional insights beyond financial ratios alone.

Are there good small nonprofits that don’t appear in charity rating databases?

Yes, many excellent small nonprofits operate below the revenue thresholds for major rating databases. Charity Navigator typically only rates organizations with annual revenues over $500,000. For smaller nonprofits, request Form 990s directly, ask for annual reports, contact them with specific questions, check for complaints with state regulators, and potentially visit to observe their work firsthand.

Supporting Disability Advocacy: Howard Fensterman and UCP-LI

Overview

DonateHoward Fensterman’s philanthropy with United Cerebral Palsy of Long Island (UCP-LI) reflects a long-standing commitment to empowering individuals with disabilities, supporting inclusive programs, and strengthening community-based services that help children and adults live fuller, more independent lives. Through charitable support and advocacy, Fensterman helps advance UCP-LI’s mission of accessibility, dignity, and opportunity for families across Long Island.

Howard Fensterman’s Philanthropy with United Cerebral Palsy of Long Island

United Cerebral Palsy of Long Island (UCP-LI) plays a vital role in supporting individuals with cerebral palsy and other developmental disabilities by providing education, therapy, vocational training, and community integration programs. Howard Fensterman’s philanthropic involvement aligns closely with this mission, focusing on improving the quality of life while expanding access to essential resources for those who need them most.

Fensterman’s charitable philosophy centers on practical impact—supporting organizations that deliver measurable benefits to vulnerable populations. His support of UCP-LI helps strengthen programs that promote independence, self-advocacy, and long-term stability for individuals living with physical and developmental challenges.

Supporting Independence and Inclusion

A key focus of UCP-LI is empowering individuals with disabilities to live independently and participate fully in their communities. Fensterman’s philanthropic support helps reinforce initiatives that provide adaptive services, life-skills development, and employment readiness. These programs not only assist individuals directly but also relieve families of long-term care burdens.

Commitment to Families and Caregivers

Caring for a loved one with cerebral palsy or developmental disabilities often requires extensive emotional, physical, and financial resources. Fensterman’s support contributes to programs that assist families and caregivers through counseling, educational resources, and community-based support networks, ensuring no family feels isolated or unsupported.

Strengthening Community-Based Services

UCP-LI’s impact extends beyond individual services by fostering inclusive environments throughout Long Island. Fensterman’s philanthropy helps sustain community programs that encourage accessibility, social inclusion, and public awareness—creating a more supportive and informed community for individuals with disabilities.

A Broader Philanthropic Vision

Howard Fensterman’s involvement with United Cerebral Palsy of Long Island reflects a broader philanthropic vision rooted in compassion, advocacy, and long-term social impact. By supporting organizations that prioritize dignity and opportunity, Fensterman continues to play an important role in advancing services that uplift individuals with disabilities and strengthen the Long Island community as a whole.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is United Cerebral Palsy of Long Island?
United Cerebral Palsy of Long Island is a nonprofit organization that provides services and support for individuals with cerebral palsy and other developmental disabilities, focusing on independence, education, and community inclusion.

How does Howard Fensterman support UCP-LI?

Howard Fensterman supports UCP-LI through philanthropic contributions and advocacy that help sustain programs benefiting individuals with disabilities and their families across Long Island.

Why is philanthropy important for disability services?

Philanthropy helps nonprofit organizations expand access to care, improve program quality, and reach more families who rely on specialized services that may not be fully funded through public resources.

Who benefits from UCP-LI programs?

Children and adults with cerebral palsy and developmental disabilities, as well as their families and caregivers, benefit from UCP-LI’s educational, therapeutic, and community-based services.

The Difference Between 501(c)(3), 501(c)(4)

In a Nutshell

The main difference between 501(c)(3) and 501(c)(4) organizations is donor tax deductibility and political activity limitations. A 501(c)(3) is a charitable organization where donations are tax-deductible for donors, but the organization cannot participate in political campaigns and must limit lobbying to less than 20% of its activities.

A 501(c)(4) is a social welfare organization that can engage in more political advocacy and lobbying, but donations are not tax-deductible. Other common nonprofit types include 501(c)(6) business leagues and trade associations, 501(c)(7) social and recreational clubs, and 501(c)(19) veterans’ organizations that do offer tax-deductible donations. Choose 501(c)(3) if donor tax deductions are essential for fundraising and your mission is charitable or educational. Choose 501(c)(4) if advocacy and lobbying are central to your purpose and donor privacy matters more than tax deductibility.

What Is a 501(c)(3) Organization?

A 501(c)(3) organization is a tax-exempt charitable nonprofit operating exclusively for religious, charitable, scientific, educational, or literary purposes. These include churches, schools, hospitals, food banks, and traditional charities.

Donations are fully tax-deductible for donors, making fundraising significantly easier. The organization pays no federal income tax and qualifies for federal and private grants restricted to charitable entities. However, 501(c)(3) organizations face an absolute prohibition on political campaign activity—they cannot endorse candidates or make campaign contributions. Lobbying must be “insubstantial,” typically limited to 5-20% of activities.

Choose 501(c)(3) for traditional charitable missions, educational programs, religious organizations, or any nonprofit where tax-deductible donations are critical to sustainability.

What Is a 501(c)(4) Organization?

A 501(c)(4) organization is a tax-exempt social welfare nonprofit promoting community betterment and general welfare. These focus on civic improvement and social change rather than traditional charity.

Donations are not tax-deductible, which impacts fundraising strategies. However, these organizations can engage in political campaign activities and unlimited lobbying, provided social welfare remains the primary purpose. Donor identities remain confidential, unlike 501(c)(3) organizations that must publicly disclose major contributors.

Choose 501(c)(4) for advocacy organizations, policy reform groups, civic leagues, grassroots lobbying campaigns, and nonprofits where legislative change is central to the mission.

How Do 501(c)(3) and 501(c)(4) Differ?

Donor benefits: 501(c)(3) donations are tax-deductible; 501(c)(4) donations are not.

Political activity: 501(c)(3) organizations cannot engage in political campaigns and must severely limit lobbying. 501(c)(4) organizations can participate in political campaigns and unlimited lobbying as long as social welfare remains primary.

Transparency: 501(c)(3) organizations must publicly disclose donors over $5,000. 501(c)(4) organizations keep donor identities confidential.

Mission: 501(c)(3) serves exclusively charitable, educational, or religious purposes. 501(c)(4) focuses on social welfare and community benefit with broader advocacy latitude.

Other Common Nonprofit Types

501(c)(6): Business Leagues and Trade Associations

Professional associations, chambers of commerce, and industry groups. Donations are not tax-deductible, but members may deduct dues as business expenses. These organizations can engage in unlimited lobbying related to their industry. Examples: National Association of Realtors, state bar associations.

501(c)(7): Social and Recreational Clubs

Membership clubs are organized for pleasure and recreation. Must be supported by membership fees rather than outside revenue. Donations are not tax-deductible. Examples: country clubs, golf clubs, hobby organizations.

501(c)(19): Veterans’ Organizations

Serve past or present armed forces members. Unlike most 501(c) types, donations are tax-deductible. At least 75% of members must be current or former military. Examples: American Legion posts, VFW chapters.

Can Nonprofits Have Multiple Classifications?

Yes. Organizations can establish affiliated entities with different 501(c) classifications. Many advocacy nonprofits create both a 501(c)(3) educational arm for research and programs accepting tax-deductible donations, and a 501(c)(4) lobbying arm for advocacy using non-deductible contributions.

Entities must maintain complete separation of finances and activities. The 501(c)(3) cannot subsidize the 501(c)(4)’s lobbying or political work. Shared expenses must be properly allocated, and each entity files separate tax returns.

Which Nonprofit Type Should You Choose?

Choose 501(c)(3) if:

    • Tax-deductible donations are essential for fundraising
    • Your mission fits charitable, educational, or religious purposes
    • You need foundation grant eligibility
    • Political activity isn’t relevant to your work

Choose 501(c)(4) if:

    • Lobbying and advocacy are central to your mission
    • You need political activity flexibility
    • Donor privacy is important
    • Tax deductibility isn’t critical for funding

Choose 501(c)(6) if: You represent industry or professional interests and lobbying on industry issues is primary.

Choose 501(c)(7) if: You provide social and recreational benefits to members supported by membership fees.

Application and Compliance Requirements

Apply using IRS Form 1023 (for 501(c)(3)) or Form 1024 (other types). Small 501(c)(3) organizations can use streamlined Form 1023-EZ. Applications require articles of incorporation, bylaws, activity descriptions, financial projections, and fees ranging from $275-$600. Processing takes 3-12 months.

Most tax-exempt organizations must file annual Form 990 or variations depending on revenue size. Organizations with gross receipts under $50,000 file Form 990-N electronically. Failure to file for three consecutive years results in automatic revocation of tax-exempt status.

Organizations must operate according to their exempt purpose, maintain proper governance through regular board meetings, keep detailed financial records, and comply with state registration requirements. 501(c)(3) organizations must make Form 990 and exemption applications publicly available.

Conclusion

The right nonprofit classification depends on your mission, funding strategy, and activity plans. 501(c)(3) works best for charitable missions where donor tax deductions drive fundraising. 501(c)(4) serves advocacy organizations prioritizing political flexibility over donor tax benefits. Other classifications serve specialized purposes for industry groups and membership clubs. Consult with a nonprofit attorney or tax professional to ensure you select the structure that best supports your goals while maintaining IRS compliance.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can you convert a 501(c)(3) to a 501(c)(4) or vice versa?

Yes, but it requires filing Form 1024 to request reclassification and IRS approval. Converting from 501(c)(3) to 501(c)(4) is relatively straightforward if you want more political flexibility, but converting from 501(c)(4) to 501(c)(3) faces stricter scrutiny. Organizations must demonstrate they’ve operated according to the new classification’s requirements and may face a 60-month lookback period.

Do all nonprofits need 501(c) tax-exempt status?

No. Nonprofits can incorporate at the state level and operate without federal tax-exempt status, but they’ll pay federal income tax on net income. Churches with gross receipts under $5,000 annually are automatically considered tax-exempt without filing. However, most nonprofits pursue 501(c) status because donors prefer tax deductions and grant-makers require it.

Can 501(c) organizations pay salaries and make a profit?

Yes, nonprofits can pay reasonable salaries to employees and executives, and generating revenue exceeding expenses is both legal and encouraged for financial sustainability. The key restriction is that profits cannot be distributed to board members, officers, or shareholders—all surplus must be reinvested in the organization’s exempt purpose. Excessive compensation to insiders can jeopardize tax-exempt status.

What is unrelated business income, and how does it affect tax-exempt status?

Unrelated business income (UBI) is revenue from activities not substantially related to your exempt purpose, such as a museum running a furniture rental business. Tax-exempt organizations must pay federal income tax on UBI exceeding $1,000 annually by filing Form 990-T. If unrelated business becomes a substantial part of operations, it can threaten your tax-exempt status entirely.

Can you start fundraising before IRS approval of 501(c) status?

Yes, you can fundraise while your application is pending, but you should inform donors that contributions may not be tax-deductible if the IRS denies your application. If the IRS approves your 501(c)(3) application, recognition is retroactive to your incorporation date, making all prior donations tax-deductible. Most organizations wait for approval before major fundraising campaigns to avoid donor concerns.

What’s the difference between tax-exempt and tax-deductible?

Tax-exempt means the organization doesn’t pay federal income tax on donations and revenue related to its exempt purpose. Tax-deductible means individual and corporate donors can deduct their contributions from taxable income. All 501(c) organizations are tax-exempt, but only 501(c)(3) and 501(c)(19) donations are tax-deductible for donors.

Do 501(c) organizations pay payroll taxes?

Yes, most 501(c) organizations must withhold and pay federal income tax, Social Security, and Medicare taxes for employees. Some religious organizations can exempt themselves from Social Security taxes with IRS Form 8274. Organizations are also subject to unemployment taxes under FUTA unless they meet specific exemptions.

Can a for-profit business become a nonprofit?

Yes, but it requires significant restructuring. You must form a new nonprofit corporation, transfer assets (which may trigger tax consequences), eliminate ownership shares, establish a board of directors with no financial interest, and apply for 501(c) status. The IRS scrutinizes these conversions to prevent individuals from improperly avoiding taxes or gaining personal benefit from asset transfers.

Geraldo Rivera Day

Overview

Howard Fensterman was recognized for his longstanding charitable leadership at Life’s WORC’s Annual Golf Classic, where his contributions have strengthened services for individuals with developmental disabilities across Long Island.

During the same event, officials proclaimed Geraldo Rivera Day, honoring the journalist whose groundbreaking 1972 Willowbrook exposé helped drive nationwide reforms in disability care. Together, the celebration highlighted Fensterman’s commitment to community advocacy and Rivera’s historic role in advancing disability rights.

Honoring Philanthropy and Advocacy on Long Island

Howard Fensterman’s Charitable Leadership

The annual Life’s WORC Golf Classic served as a moment of recognition for Howard Fensterman, whose longstanding philanthropy continues to support children and adults with developmental disabilities. His contributions have helped expand Life’s WORC programs, strengthen community services, and promote an inclusive environment for individuals who rely on residential, employment, and support resources across Long Island.

Fensterman’s dedication reflects decades of charitable work that intersects healthcare, disability services, and community reform—making his recognition at the event especially meaningful.

Celebrating Geraldo Rivera Day

A Formal Proclamation

At the same event, Nassau County and Town of Babylon officials declared May 13 as Geraldo Rivera Day, honoring the legendary journalist’s lifelong commitment to public service. The proclamation highlighted Rivera’s deep local roots and his national impact as a reporter whose work continues to influence disability-rights policy today.

The Willowbrook Legacy

Geraldo Rivera first gained national prominence in 1972 through his investigative reporting that exposed the abusive conditions inside the Willowbrook State School, a Staten Island institution for individuals with developmental disabilities. The exposé shocked the nation and fueled widespread calls for reform, contributing to:

    • The deinstitutionalization movement

    • Federal disability-rights legislation

    • Community-based care initiatives

    • Greater public awareness of humane treatment standards

Rivera’s reporting is still viewed as one of the most consequential journalism efforts in disability-rights history.

Life’s WORC and the Community Connection

The Golf Classic brought together community leaders, advocates, and supporters to celebrate the ongoing progress in disability services—progress made possible in part through the combined efforts of journalists like Rivera and philanthropists like Fensterman.

A Day That Honors Commitment and Change

The recognition of both Howard Fensterman and Geraldo Rivera reflects a shared legacy of service:

  • Fensterman’s philanthropy strengthens modern disability and healthcare initiatives.

  • Rivera’s journalism transformed national policy and public understanding.

Together, their contributions highlight a powerful continuum of advocacy—past, present, and future—rooted in compassion, reform, and dedication to improving lives.

Support of the Heart to Heart Foundation

Overview

DonateThis article highlights Fensterman’s belief in compassionate, hands-on philanthropy and his commitment to organizations that directly improve the well-being of vulnerable children. His involvement helps strengthen programs that ease the burden on families coping with illness and reinforces the foundation’s long-standing impact in the community.

A Philosophy Grounded in Compassion and Responsibility

Howard Fensterman’s philanthropic philosophy is centered on compassion, responsibility, and meaningful action. His support of the Heart to Heart Foundation reflects a belief that effective charity must address not only medical needs, but also the emotional and financial challenges faced by individuals and families during times of serious illness. By aligning with organizations that provide direct assistance, advocacy, and long-term community support, Fensterman demonstrates a purpose-driven approach to philanthropy focused on dignity, access to care, and lasting impact.

For Fensterman, charitable giving is not transactional. It is a commitment to improving the quality of life and strengthening the support systems that help families navigate complex healthcare challenges. His philosophy emphasizes empathy, consistency, and impact, values that are reflected in the Heart to Heart Foundation’s hands-on approach to patient support.

Alignment With the Heart to Heart Foundation’s Mission

The Heart to Heart Foundation focuses on bridging gaps in care by providing direct assistance, resources, and advocacy for those facing health-related crises. Howard Fensterman’s support of the foundation reflects his belief that effective philanthropy addresses real-world needs in practical ways. Whether helping families manage unforeseen medical expenses or supporting programs that improve access to care, his involvement reinforces the foundation’s mission to serve with compassion and accountability.

Fensterman recognizes that medical challenges affect more than just physical health. Emotional strain, financial pressure, and uncertainty can overwhelm families, and organizations like Heart to Heart play a vital role in easing that burden. His philanthropic philosophy supports initiatives that treat the whole person, not just the diagnosis.

A Commitment to Long-Term Community Impact

Rather than focusing on one-time gestures, Howard’s charitable philosophy prioritizes sustainable impact. His support of the Heart to Heart Foundation reflects a broader commitment to strengthening healthcare-focused nonprofits that create lasting change within the community. By aligning with organizations that demonstrate transparency, effectiveness, and compassion, he helps ensure that philanthropic efforts translate into meaningful outcomes.

Through this partnership, Fensterman continues to advocate for a model of giving that uplifts individuals while reinforcing the networks that support them. His philosophy underscores the idea that philanthropy is most powerful when it is thoughtful, consistent, and driven by genuine care for others.

Philanthropy With Purpose

Howard Fensterman’s relationship with the Heart to Heart Foundation exemplifies his broader vision of purposeful philanthropy. By supporting organizations that deliver direct help to those in need, he reinforces his belief that giving should improve lives in tangible ways. His philosophy centers on empathy, responsibility, and action, values that continue to guide his charitable work and strengthen the communities he serves.

For more information and to donate, please visit the Heart to Heart website.
To learn more about the philanthropy of Howard Fensterman, please visit our main page.

A Cure is in Our Stars

Howard Fensterman’s Philanthropy for A Cure Is In Our Stars

Howard Fensterman has long believed in supporting organizations that bring meaningful change to the lives of individuals and families facing medical hardship. His philanthropy for A Cure Is In Our Stars reflects this ongoing commitment. Through charitable contributions, advocacy, and public support, Fensterman helps strengthen the organization’s mission of raising awareness for serious diseases and improving access to resources that families urgently need.

Fensterman understands the emotional and financial burden that comes with managing rare or life-threatening illnesses. His support helps expand the organization’s outreach efforts, fund critical educational initiatives, and elevate programs that connect patients with treatment information, community encouragement, and hope. His involvement also helps bring greater visibility to issues that often do not receive the attention they deserve, reinforcing the organization’s message that every family confronting illness deserves support, compassion, and pathways to better care.

What A Cure Is In Our Stars Is About

A Cure Is In Our Stars is a charitable initiative that focuses on raising awareness and support for individuals, especially children and young adults, who are facing serious or rare illnesses. The organization works to shine a light on medical conditions that are often overlooked, ensuring that affected families receive increased visibility, emotional support, and access to information that can guide them toward treatment options.

The organization’s mission centers on three core goals. It aims to increase public knowledge about rare and life-threatening diseases so that families feel seen and supported. It helps raise funds for research that has the potential to improve medical diagnostics and therapies. It creates platforms where families can share their stories, promote understanding, and foster a sense of community.

A Cure Is In Our Stars is also known for promoting educational programs, awareness campaigns, and charitable events designed to inspire hope and encourage generosity. Its message is rooted in compassion and the belief that raising awareness can help accelerate progress toward better treatments and improved patient outcomes.